From Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: Tuesday morning, July 31, started as a typical office day at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Beginning at 10:25 a.m., a number of text messages and emails arrived in rapid succession. It was time to take a closer look. The messages all came from ENS, or Earthquake Notification Service. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) offers this service to subscribers who wish to automatically receive messages after earthquakes of specific interest to them. (https://sslearthquake.usgs.gov/ens/%5D. ) The earthquakes flagged in this series of messages all occurred beneath Kilauea volcano’s south flank. More specifically,…











